How Does a Water Pump Work

The water pump is a centrifugal pump. Through high-speed rotation, the water of the centrifugal pump is discharged, so that a certain degree of vacuum is formed in the centrifugal pump, so that the external air pressure can press the water into the centrifugal pump. Before starting the pump, the suction pipe and the pump must be filled with liquid. After the pump is turned on, the impeller rotates at high speed, and the liquid in it rotates with the blades. Under the action of centrifugal force, it flies away from the impeller and is ejected outward. The ejected liquid gradually slows down in the diffusion chamber of the pump casing, and the pressure gradually increases. The discharge pipe flows out.

At this time, a vacuum low-pressure area with neither air nor liquid is formed at the center of the blade due to the liquid being thrown around. The liquid in the liquid pool flows into the pump through the suction pipe under the action of the atmospheric pressure on the pool surface, and the liquid is thus continuous. It is continuously sucked up from the liquid pool and continuously flows out of the discharge pipe.

How does a water pump work?

How piston pumps work

Piston-type water pump is also called a suction-type water pump. It uses the movement of the piston to discharge air, resulting in a difference in internal and external air pressure, so that the water rises and draws out under the action of air pressure. When the piston is pressed down, the water inlet valve is closed and the exhaust valve is opened; when the piston When it is lifted, the exhaust valve is closed and the water inlet valve is opened. Under the action of the external atmospheric pressure, the water flows out from the water inlet pipe through the water inlet valve from the water outlet above. In this way, the piston reciprocates up and down in the cylinder, continuously pumping out the water.

How centrifugal pumps work

Before the pump is started, the pump casing is filled with water, and the air in the pump casing is discharged, so that the pressure in the central part of the pump is lower than the atmospheric pressure outside. It also rotates at a high speed with the impeller and is thrown into the water outlet pipe at the same time. At this time, the pressure near the impeller decreases, and the atmospheric pressure pushes the water at the lower part to open the bottom valve. Along the water inlet pipe pump shell, the incoming water is thrown into the water outlet pipe by the impeller. The cycle continues, and the water is continuously pumped to a high place.